The statement did not provide details about the scale of the mobilisation.
The drills come about two months after Russia’s President Vladimir Putin visited China.
Putin said at the time relations had reached an “unprecedentedly high level”, while Chinese leader Xi Jinping hailed an “unyielding” partnership.
Beijing and Moscow have held their “Joint Sea” exercises since 2012, with last year’s edition near the eastern Russian port of Vladivostok also followed by joint patrols in the Pacific.
China has never denounced Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine but Beijing insists it is a neutral party, regularly calling for peace talks.
Many of Ukraine’s Western allies, including the United States, believe that Beijing has provided support to Moscow’s war effort.